How to make a little garden on the balcony, Well it quiet easy, first you must calculate the available space and were the sun hit during the day. The vegetables the most suited for growing in containers are tomato, green onion, beans, lettuce, radishes, beets, cucumbers and peppers.
Most popular tomato plants in my region are the following the Beefsteak, and Glamour. Also, If you wish to experiment further, visit Heirloom Tomato site they explain most variety. Tomato need a container of about 8 to 12 inches, bean and cucumber any rectangular container will do, must be well drain and have a support pole.
Peppers any 6" pot goes. Funny to say, but I ran-out of pots for my peppers, so I took 2 pound margarine plastic container, put 4 to 5 holes in the bottom and plant them, it seem to be good since I am starting to have peppers.
Green onion, radishes, beets and lettuce grow well in container 18" x 12" x 4" deep. Spices can also do well on the balcony, and can be brought inside for the winter. There also some fruit that can be grown like strayberries, blueberries, and some other that are easy to grown in containers.